Isometric embedding of a genus g surface Planned maintenance scheduled April 23, 2019 at 23:30 UTC (7:30pm US/Eastern) Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara Unicorn Meta Zoo #1: Why another podcast?Nash embedding theorem for 2D manifoldssubmanifold of a hyperbolic manifoldDo symmetric spaces admit isometric embeddings as intersections of quadrics?altering curvature on a tessellation representation of a compact surfaceSymmetries vs. Bound in codimension of Nash isometric embeddingNon-trivial isometric embedding of the standard sphere into $mathbbR^n$?Hilbert's Theorem relevance to positive curvatureIsometry group of a compact hyperbolic surfaceCompact surface with arbitrarily large eigenvalueIsometric embedding for manifolds with conical singularities?Isometric embedding of regular simplex into Riemannian manifoldQuantitative upper bound on mean curvature of an isometric embedding

Isometric embedding of a genus g surface



Planned maintenance scheduled April 23, 2019 at 23:30 UTC (7:30pm US/Eastern)
Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara
Unicorn Meta Zoo #1: Why another podcast?Nash embedding theorem for 2D manifoldssubmanifold of a hyperbolic manifoldDo symmetric spaces admit isometric embeddings as intersections of quadrics?altering curvature on a tessellation representation of a compact surfaceSymmetries vs. Bound in codimension of Nash isometric embeddingNon-trivial isometric embedding of the standard sphere into $mathbbR^n$?Hilbert's Theorem relevance to positive curvatureIsometry group of a compact hyperbolic surfaceCompact surface with arbitrarily large eigenvalueIsometric embedding for manifolds with conical singularities?Isometric embedding of regular simplex into Riemannian manifoldQuantitative upper bound on mean curvature of an isometric embedding










5












$begingroup$


Can a genus $g$ surface with constant negative curvature and $g>1$ be isometrically embedded in $mathbbR^4?$










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$











  • $begingroup$
    Is there any example or counter example?
    $endgroup$
    – GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
    Mar 20 at 8:53






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Relevant: math.stackexchange.com/questions/1528046/…
    $endgroup$
    – Aknazar Kazhymurat
    Mar 20 at 8:57










  • $begingroup$
    So, is this an open problem?
    $endgroup$
    – GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
    Mar 20 at 8:59






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    You might be interested in this question and its answers.
    $endgroup$
    – Michael Albanese
    Mar 20 at 12:00















5












$begingroup$


Can a genus $g$ surface with constant negative curvature and $g>1$ be isometrically embedded in $mathbbR^4?$










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$











  • $begingroup$
    Is there any example or counter example?
    $endgroup$
    – GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
    Mar 20 at 8:53






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Relevant: math.stackexchange.com/questions/1528046/…
    $endgroup$
    – Aknazar Kazhymurat
    Mar 20 at 8:57










  • $begingroup$
    So, is this an open problem?
    $endgroup$
    – GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
    Mar 20 at 8:59






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    You might be interested in this question and its answers.
    $endgroup$
    – Michael Albanese
    Mar 20 at 12:00













5












5








5


1



$begingroup$


Can a genus $g$ surface with constant negative curvature and $g>1$ be isometrically embedded in $mathbbR^4?$










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




Can a genus $g$ surface with constant negative curvature and $g>1$ be isometrically embedded in $mathbbR^4?$







dg.differential-geometry riemannian-geometry riemann-surfaces metric-embeddings






share|cite|improve this question















share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Mar 20 at 8:57









Sean Lawton

4,47422551




4,47422551










asked Mar 20 at 8:49









GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANAGAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA

264




264











  • $begingroup$
    Is there any example or counter example?
    $endgroup$
    – GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
    Mar 20 at 8:53






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Relevant: math.stackexchange.com/questions/1528046/…
    $endgroup$
    – Aknazar Kazhymurat
    Mar 20 at 8:57










  • $begingroup$
    So, is this an open problem?
    $endgroup$
    – GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
    Mar 20 at 8:59






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    You might be interested in this question and its answers.
    $endgroup$
    – Michael Albanese
    Mar 20 at 12:00
















  • $begingroup$
    Is there any example or counter example?
    $endgroup$
    – GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
    Mar 20 at 8:53






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    Relevant: math.stackexchange.com/questions/1528046/…
    $endgroup$
    – Aknazar Kazhymurat
    Mar 20 at 8:57










  • $begingroup$
    So, is this an open problem?
    $endgroup$
    – GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
    Mar 20 at 8:59






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    You might be interested in this question and its answers.
    $endgroup$
    – Michael Albanese
    Mar 20 at 12:00















$begingroup$
Is there any example or counter example?
$endgroup$
– GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
Mar 20 at 8:53




$begingroup$
Is there any example or counter example?
$endgroup$
– GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
Mar 20 at 8:53




4




4




$begingroup$
Relevant: math.stackexchange.com/questions/1528046/…
$endgroup$
– Aknazar Kazhymurat
Mar 20 at 8:57




$begingroup$
Relevant: math.stackexchange.com/questions/1528046/…
$endgroup$
– Aknazar Kazhymurat
Mar 20 at 8:57












$begingroup$
So, is this an open problem?
$endgroup$
– GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
Mar 20 at 8:59




$begingroup$
So, is this an open problem?
$endgroup$
– GAUTAM NEELAKANTAN MEMANA
Mar 20 at 8:59




3




3




$begingroup$
You might be interested in this question and its answers.
$endgroup$
– Michael Albanese
Mar 20 at 12:00




$begingroup$
You might be interested in this question and its answers.
$endgroup$
– Michael Albanese
Mar 20 at 12:00










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















11












$begingroup$

The Nash-Kuiper Theorem implies the answer is yes if you only require the embedding to be of class $C^1$. However, I believe the actual visualization problem for $ggeq 2$ (that is, producing the embedding in this case) is an open problem (unlike the visualization of the $C^1$-embedding of the flat torus, which has a $C^infty$-isometric embedding into $mathbbR^4$).



Since the smallest known $C^infty$-embedding for the hyperbolic plane is $mathbbR^6$ I would guess the answer is no for a genus 2 hyperbolic surface (but as far as I know it is open). Note it is a theorem of Hilbert that the hyperbolic plane cannot be $C^r$-embedded into $mathbbR^3$ for $rgeq 2$. Later Efimov generalized this to closed hyperbolic surfaces.



I believe these facts and references may be found in:



Isometric Embedding of Riemannian Manifolds in Euclidean Spaces by Qing Han, and Jia-Xing Hong.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    There are visualizations of the Nash--Kuiper embeddings here: hevea-project.fr
    $endgroup$
    – John Pardon
    Mar 20 at 14:30










  • $begingroup$
    @JohnPardon Thanks for the link. However, I already knew about the flat tori and Nash spheres from Hevea; I referenced one in my answer. It is the hyperbolic ones for closed surfaces of $ggeq 2$ that are not presently visualized (as far as I know).
    $endgroup$
    – Sean Lawton
    Mar 20 at 14:33







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    That's a confusing place to put the link: the smooth flat embedding of the torus in R^4 and the C^1 flat embedding of the torus in R^3 aren't related at all.
    $endgroup$
    – John Pardon
    Mar 20 at 14:38






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    There isn't really any difference between the $g=1$ and $ggeq 2$ cases for the Nash--Kuiper construction of C^1 isometric embeddings; their method works for an arbitrary metric without regard to its curvature. I'm fairly certain that if one can render a flat torus in R^3, then one can render any surface with any metric in R^3, though the people at Hévéa might know better. (+1 btw)
    $endgroup$
    – John Pardon
    Mar 20 at 14:45







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @JohnPardon Sure, I know the method works theoretically in general, but actually doing it is computationally complicated (which is why it hasn't been done).
    $endgroup$
    – Sean Lawton
    Mar 20 at 14:48


















6












$begingroup$

I don't know the answer to your question, and I wouldn't be surprised if it were open. You may be interested to know that any compact Riemannian two-manifold $(V, g)$ admits a $C^infty$ isometric embedding $V to mathbbR^5$. See Gromov's Partial Differential Relations, pages 298 - 303.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    11












    $begingroup$

    The Nash-Kuiper Theorem implies the answer is yes if you only require the embedding to be of class $C^1$. However, I believe the actual visualization problem for $ggeq 2$ (that is, producing the embedding in this case) is an open problem (unlike the visualization of the $C^1$-embedding of the flat torus, which has a $C^infty$-isometric embedding into $mathbbR^4$).



    Since the smallest known $C^infty$-embedding for the hyperbolic plane is $mathbbR^6$ I would guess the answer is no for a genus 2 hyperbolic surface (but as far as I know it is open). Note it is a theorem of Hilbert that the hyperbolic plane cannot be $C^r$-embedded into $mathbbR^3$ for $rgeq 2$. Later Efimov generalized this to closed hyperbolic surfaces.



    I believe these facts and references may be found in:



    Isometric Embedding of Riemannian Manifolds in Euclidean Spaces by Qing Han, and Jia-Xing Hong.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$








    • 1




      $begingroup$
      There are visualizations of the Nash--Kuiper embeddings here: hevea-project.fr
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:30










    • $begingroup$
      @JohnPardon Thanks for the link. However, I already knew about the flat tori and Nash spheres from Hevea; I referenced one in my answer. It is the hyperbolic ones for closed surfaces of $ggeq 2$ that are not presently visualized (as far as I know).
      $endgroup$
      – Sean Lawton
      Mar 20 at 14:33







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      That's a confusing place to put the link: the smooth flat embedding of the torus in R^4 and the C^1 flat embedding of the torus in R^3 aren't related at all.
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:38






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      There isn't really any difference between the $g=1$ and $ggeq 2$ cases for the Nash--Kuiper construction of C^1 isometric embeddings; their method works for an arbitrary metric without regard to its curvature. I'm fairly certain that if one can render a flat torus in R^3, then one can render any surface with any metric in R^3, though the people at Hévéa might know better. (+1 btw)
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:45







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      @JohnPardon Sure, I know the method works theoretically in general, but actually doing it is computationally complicated (which is why it hasn't been done).
      $endgroup$
      – Sean Lawton
      Mar 20 at 14:48















    11












    $begingroup$

    The Nash-Kuiper Theorem implies the answer is yes if you only require the embedding to be of class $C^1$. However, I believe the actual visualization problem for $ggeq 2$ (that is, producing the embedding in this case) is an open problem (unlike the visualization of the $C^1$-embedding of the flat torus, which has a $C^infty$-isometric embedding into $mathbbR^4$).



    Since the smallest known $C^infty$-embedding for the hyperbolic plane is $mathbbR^6$ I would guess the answer is no for a genus 2 hyperbolic surface (but as far as I know it is open). Note it is a theorem of Hilbert that the hyperbolic plane cannot be $C^r$-embedded into $mathbbR^3$ for $rgeq 2$. Later Efimov generalized this to closed hyperbolic surfaces.



    I believe these facts and references may be found in:



    Isometric Embedding of Riemannian Manifolds in Euclidean Spaces by Qing Han, and Jia-Xing Hong.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$








    • 1




      $begingroup$
      There are visualizations of the Nash--Kuiper embeddings here: hevea-project.fr
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:30










    • $begingroup$
      @JohnPardon Thanks for the link. However, I already knew about the flat tori and Nash spheres from Hevea; I referenced one in my answer. It is the hyperbolic ones for closed surfaces of $ggeq 2$ that are not presently visualized (as far as I know).
      $endgroup$
      – Sean Lawton
      Mar 20 at 14:33







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      That's a confusing place to put the link: the smooth flat embedding of the torus in R^4 and the C^1 flat embedding of the torus in R^3 aren't related at all.
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:38






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      There isn't really any difference between the $g=1$ and $ggeq 2$ cases for the Nash--Kuiper construction of C^1 isometric embeddings; their method works for an arbitrary metric without regard to its curvature. I'm fairly certain that if one can render a flat torus in R^3, then one can render any surface with any metric in R^3, though the people at Hévéa might know better. (+1 btw)
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:45







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      @JohnPardon Sure, I know the method works theoretically in general, but actually doing it is computationally complicated (which is why it hasn't been done).
      $endgroup$
      – Sean Lawton
      Mar 20 at 14:48













    11












    11








    11





    $begingroup$

    The Nash-Kuiper Theorem implies the answer is yes if you only require the embedding to be of class $C^1$. However, I believe the actual visualization problem for $ggeq 2$ (that is, producing the embedding in this case) is an open problem (unlike the visualization of the $C^1$-embedding of the flat torus, which has a $C^infty$-isometric embedding into $mathbbR^4$).



    Since the smallest known $C^infty$-embedding for the hyperbolic plane is $mathbbR^6$ I would guess the answer is no for a genus 2 hyperbolic surface (but as far as I know it is open). Note it is a theorem of Hilbert that the hyperbolic plane cannot be $C^r$-embedded into $mathbbR^3$ for $rgeq 2$. Later Efimov generalized this to closed hyperbolic surfaces.



    I believe these facts and references may be found in:



    Isometric Embedding of Riemannian Manifolds in Euclidean Spaces by Qing Han, and Jia-Xing Hong.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$



    The Nash-Kuiper Theorem implies the answer is yes if you only require the embedding to be of class $C^1$. However, I believe the actual visualization problem for $ggeq 2$ (that is, producing the embedding in this case) is an open problem (unlike the visualization of the $C^1$-embedding of the flat torus, which has a $C^infty$-isometric embedding into $mathbbR^4$).



    Since the smallest known $C^infty$-embedding for the hyperbolic plane is $mathbbR^6$ I would guess the answer is no for a genus 2 hyperbolic surface (but as far as I know it is open). Note it is a theorem of Hilbert that the hyperbolic plane cannot be $C^r$-embedded into $mathbbR^3$ for $rgeq 2$. Later Efimov generalized this to closed hyperbolic surfaces.



    I believe these facts and references may be found in:



    Isometric Embedding of Riemannian Manifolds in Euclidean Spaces by Qing Han, and Jia-Xing Hong.







    share|cite|improve this answer














    share|cite|improve this answer



    share|cite|improve this answer








    edited Mar 20 at 14:42

























    answered Mar 20 at 9:08









    Sean LawtonSean Lawton

    4,47422551




    4,47422551







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      There are visualizations of the Nash--Kuiper embeddings here: hevea-project.fr
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:30










    • $begingroup$
      @JohnPardon Thanks for the link. However, I already knew about the flat tori and Nash spheres from Hevea; I referenced one in my answer. It is the hyperbolic ones for closed surfaces of $ggeq 2$ that are not presently visualized (as far as I know).
      $endgroup$
      – Sean Lawton
      Mar 20 at 14:33







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      That's a confusing place to put the link: the smooth flat embedding of the torus in R^4 and the C^1 flat embedding of the torus in R^3 aren't related at all.
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:38






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      There isn't really any difference between the $g=1$ and $ggeq 2$ cases for the Nash--Kuiper construction of C^1 isometric embeddings; their method works for an arbitrary metric without regard to its curvature. I'm fairly certain that if one can render a flat torus in R^3, then one can render any surface with any metric in R^3, though the people at Hévéa might know better. (+1 btw)
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:45







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      @JohnPardon Sure, I know the method works theoretically in general, but actually doing it is computationally complicated (which is why it hasn't been done).
      $endgroup$
      – Sean Lawton
      Mar 20 at 14:48












    • 1




      $begingroup$
      There are visualizations of the Nash--Kuiper embeddings here: hevea-project.fr
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:30










    • $begingroup$
      @JohnPardon Thanks for the link. However, I already knew about the flat tori and Nash spheres from Hevea; I referenced one in my answer. It is the hyperbolic ones for closed surfaces of $ggeq 2$ that are not presently visualized (as far as I know).
      $endgroup$
      – Sean Lawton
      Mar 20 at 14:33







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      That's a confusing place to put the link: the smooth flat embedding of the torus in R^4 and the C^1 flat embedding of the torus in R^3 aren't related at all.
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:38






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      There isn't really any difference between the $g=1$ and $ggeq 2$ cases for the Nash--Kuiper construction of C^1 isometric embeddings; their method works for an arbitrary metric without regard to its curvature. I'm fairly certain that if one can render a flat torus in R^3, then one can render any surface with any metric in R^3, though the people at Hévéa might know better. (+1 btw)
      $endgroup$
      – John Pardon
      Mar 20 at 14:45







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      @JohnPardon Sure, I know the method works theoretically in general, but actually doing it is computationally complicated (which is why it hasn't been done).
      $endgroup$
      – Sean Lawton
      Mar 20 at 14:48







    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    There are visualizations of the Nash--Kuiper embeddings here: hevea-project.fr
    $endgroup$
    – John Pardon
    Mar 20 at 14:30




    $begingroup$
    There are visualizations of the Nash--Kuiper embeddings here: hevea-project.fr
    $endgroup$
    – John Pardon
    Mar 20 at 14:30












    $begingroup$
    @JohnPardon Thanks for the link. However, I already knew about the flat tori and Nash spheres from Hevea; I referenced one in my answer. It is the hyperbolic ones for closed surfaces of $ggeq 2$ that are not presently visualized (as far as I know).
    $endgroup$
    – Sean Lawton
    Mar 20 at 14:33





    $begingroup$
    @JohnPardon Thanks for the link. However, I already knew about the flat tori and Nash spheres from Hevea; I referenced one in my answer. It is the hyperbolic ones for closed surfaces of $ggeq 2$ that are not presently visualized (as far as I know).
    $endgroup$
    – Sean Lawton
    Mar 20 at 14:33





    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    That's a confusing place to put the link: the smooth flat embedding of the torus in R^4 and the C^1 flat embedding of the torus in R^3 aren't related at all.
    $endgroup$
    – John Pardon
    Mar 20 at 14:38




    $begingroup$
    That's a confusing place to put the link: the smooth flat embedding of the torus in R^4 and the C^1 flat embedding of the torus in R^3 aren't related at all.
    $endgroup$
    – John Pardon
    Mar 20 at 14:38




    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    There isn't really any difference between the $g=1$ and $ggeq 2$ cases for the Nash--Kuiper construction of C^1 isometric embeddings; their method works for an arbitrary metric without regard to its curvature. I'm fairly certain that if one can render a flat torus in R^3, then one can render any surface with any metric in R^3, though the people at Hévéa might know better. (+1 btw)
    $endgroup$
    – John Pardon
    Mar 20 at 14:45





    $begingroup$
    There isn't really any difference between the $g=1$ and $ggeq 2$ cases for the Nash--Kuiper construction of C^1 isometric embeddings; their method works for an arbitrary metric without regard to its curvature. I'm fairly certain that if one can render a flat torus in R^3, then one can render any surface with any metric in R^3, though the people at Hévéa might know better. (+1 btw)
    $endgroup$
    – John Pardon
    Mar 20 at 14:45





    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    @JohnPardon Sure, I know the method works theoretically in general, but actually doing it is computationally complicated (which is why it hasn't been done).
    $endgroup$
    – Sean Lawton
    Mar 20 at 14:48




    $begingroup$
    @JohnPardon Sure, I know the method works theoretically in general, but actually doing it is computationally complicated (which is why it hasn't been done).
    $endgroup$
    – Sean Lawton
    Mar 20 at 14:48











    6












    $begingroup$

    I don't know the answer to your question, and I wouldn't be surprised if it were open. You may be interested to know that any compact Riemannian two-manifold $(V, g)$ admits a $C^infty$ isometric embedding $V to mathbbR^5$. See Gromov's Partial Differential Relations, pages 298 - 303.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$

















      6












      $begingroup$

      I don't know the answer to your question, and I wouldn't be surprised if it were open. You may be interested to know that any compact Riemannian two-manifold $(V, g)$ admits a $C^infty$ isometric embedding $V to mathbbR^5$. See Gromov's Partial Differential Relations, pages 298 - 303.






      share|cite|improve this answer











      $endgroup$















        6












        6








        6





        $begingroup$

        I don't know the answer to your question, and I wouldn't be surprised if it were open. You may be interested to know that any compact Riemannian two-manifold $(V, g)$ admits a $C^infty$ isometric embedding $V to mathbbR^5$. See Gromov's Partial Differential Relations, pages 298 - 303.






        share|cite|improve this answer











        $endgroup$



        I don't know the answer to your question, and I wouldn't be surprised if it were open. You may be interested to know that any compact Riemannian two-manifold $(V, g)$ admits a $C^infty$ isometric embedding $V to mathbbR^5$. See Gromov's Partial Differential Relations, pages 298 - 303.







        share|cite|improve this answer














        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer








        edited Mar 20 at 11:50

























        answered Mar 20 at 11:38









        Michael AlbaneseMichael Albanese

        8,02055594




        8,02055594



























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            อาณาจักร (ชีววิทยา) ดูเพิ่ม อ้างอิง รายการเลือกการนำทาง10.1086/39456810.5962/bhl.title.447410.1126/science.163.3863.150576276010.1007/BF01796092408502"Phylogenetic structure of the prokaryotic domain: the primary kingdoms"10.1073/pnas.74.11.5088432104270744"Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya"1990PNAS...87.4576W10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576541592112744PubMedJump the queueexpand by handPubMedJump the queueexpand by handPubMedJump the queueexpand by hand"A revised six-kingdom system of life"10.1111/j.1469-185X.1998.tb00030.x9809012"Only six kingdoms of life"10.1098/rspb.2004.2705169172415306349"Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree"10.1098/rsbl.2009.0948288006020031978เพิ่มข้อมูล